United States Hydrogen Fuel Torch Patents

Rhodes; William A. - Generator Patent #3262872 - 1966
Abstract: This invention relates to a means and method for the electrolytic production of Hydrogen and Oxygen and for the safe consumption thereof, by a torch or other means controlling the combustion of these gases.
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Brown; Yull - Brown's Gas Hydrogen Welding Patent #4014777 - 1977
Abstract: This invention relates to welding, brazing or the like utilizing a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen generated in substantially stoichiometric proportions in an electrolytic cell by electrolytic dissociation of water, the mixture so generated being passed from the generator through a flash-back arrestor and thence to a burner where the gases are ignited. The invention also relates to atomic welding in which the above mentioned mixture is passed through an arc causing dissociation of both the hydrogen and oxygen into atomic hydrogen and oxygen which on recombination generate an intensely hot flame.
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Brown; Yull - Arc Assisted Oxy/Hydrogen Welding Patent #4081656 - 1978
Abstract: This invention relates to welding, brazing or the like utilizing a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen generated in substantially stoichiometric proportions in an electrolytic cell by electrical dissociation of water, the mixture so generated being passed from the generator through a flashback arrestor and thence to a burner where the gases are ignited. The invention also relates to atomic welding in which the above mentioned mixture is passed through an arc causing dissociation of both the hydrogen and oxygen into atomic hydrogen and oxygen which on recombination generate an intensely hot flame.
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Willey; Alan P. w/ other - Apparatus for gas generation Patent #5082544 - 1992
Abstract: An electrolytic gas generating apparatus for producing a combustible mixture of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water is disclosed, for particular use in a gas welding apparatus. The generating apparatus comprises a d.c. power supply 100 connected to electrolytic cells 200, a dehumidifier 400 for scrubbing the gas mixture generated by the cells 200, a gas regulator 500, a modifier 600 which modifies the combustion characteristics of the gas and a flash arrester 660. Gas generation is controlled by a main control board 800 in accordance with sensors which measure parameters to calculate indirectly the gas flowrate and control this in accordance with demand.
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Chiang; Huang C. - Apparatus for generating a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen for producing a hot flame Patent #5244558 - 1993
Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for generating a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen for producing a hot flame and in particular to one including a housing, an electrolytic chamber fixedly mounted within the housing and having two electrodes extending out of the electrolytic chamber to connect with a rectifier, a first safety device connected with an outlet of the electrolytic chamber, a control valve connected with an outlet of the first safety device, a dryer connected with an outlet of the first safety device, and a second safety device connected with an outlet of the dryer and having a chamber in which are mounted a spring-loaded ball which will open an outlet of the second safety device when the pressure of hydrogen and oxygen in the electrolytic chamber exceeds a predetermined value.
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Lin; Yang C. - Extraction installation for hydrogen and oxygen Patent #5628885 - 1997
Abstract: This electrolytic apparatus for a welding machine uses an electrolytic cell, a mixing tank and a multi-control switch. The electrolytic cell is composed of several pieces of electrode plates, which are assembled in a row, the farthest side of which is connected to the positive and negative poles of electrolysis power. After electrolysis, the gas proceeds in a storage tank and the liquid is guided back into the electrolytic cell for recycling use. The fuel gas then goes into a first chamber to get rid of water. In the meantime, part of the fuel gas will be combined with carbohydrate dissolvent to alter its fuel composition and then be recombined with the rest of the gas to provide a desired fuel. This way, the heat of the gas can be heightened, flame temperature can be lowered, and the output ratio for the fuel gas can be controlled and adjusted to attain a welding gun's flame within a comprehensive scope of temperature and heat. Furthermore, this invention uses the pressure from a multi-control switch monitoring the process to keep it in a tolerable range to provide safety protection.
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Santilli; Ruggero Maria - Durable and efficient equipment for the production of a combustible and non-pollutant gas from underwater arcs and method therefore Patent #6183604 - 2001
Abstract: A system for producing a clean burning combustible gas comprising an electrically conductive first electrode and an electrically conductive second electrode. A motor coupled to the first electrode is adapted to move the first electrode with respect to the second electrode to continuously move the arc away from the plasma created by the arc. A water tight container for the electrodes is provided with a quantity of water within the tank sufficient to submerge the electrodes.
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Blankenship; George D. - Fuel cell operated welder Patent #6512201 - 2003
Abstract: An electric arc welder powered by a plurality of liquid organic fuel cells. The fuel cells use a methanol/water mixture as the organic feed. The fuel cells produce carbon dioxide as a reactive product which is used an a shielding gas during the arc welding process. The fuel cells are stacked together to produce the desired arc voltage and current between an electrode and the work piece. The arc welder includes a welding current to control the current wave shape through the electrode and to control or increase the voltage through the electrode.
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Blankenship; George D. - Fuel cell operated welder Patent #6653596 - 2003
Abstract: An electric arc welder powered by a plurality of liquid organic fuel cells. The fuel cells use a methanol/water mixture as the organic feed. The fuel cells produce carbon dioxide as a reactive product, which is used as a shielding gas during the arc welding process. The fuel cells are stacked together to produce the desired arc voltage and current between an electrode and the work piece. The arc welder includes a welding current to control the current wave shape through the electrode and to control or increase the voltage through the electrode.
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Santilli; Rugerro Maria - Apparatus and method for producing a clean burning combustible gas with long life electrodes and multiple plasma-arc-flows Patent #6926872 – 2005
Abstract: Apparatus and method for processing crude oil, or oil-base or water-base liquid waste into a clean burning combustible gas via a submerged electric arc between at least one pair of consumable electrodes, which have a geometry permitting the operation for at least one month prior to their replacement, are completely contained inside a pressurized vessel, and have copper holders that are placed at a minimal possible mutual distance so as to minimize the power loss in the propagation of electricity through the electrodes, while having the other dimensions essentially unrestricted to maximize life. The invention is complemented with three optional recirculating flows substantially through the electric arc: i) a flow of the produced combustible gas; ii) a flow of the liquid feedstock; and iii) a flow of a liquid additive rich in a substance missing in the liquid feedstock for the production of the combustible gas with desired features.
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Rhodes; William A. – Generator Patent #3310483 – 1967
Abstract: This invention relates to a multicell oxyhydrogen generator and more particularly to a multicell oxyhydrogen generator employing a purality of spaced plates operating electrically in series with each other and an electrolyte thereinbetween.

Spirig; Ernst - Detonating gas generator Patent #4206029 - 1980
Abstract: A generator for oxyhydrogen gas comprises a plurality of flat metal electrodes mounted parallel with ring-like spacers between each pair of adjacent electrodes and bolts clamping the spacers and electrodes together to provide a sealed cell between each pair of electrodes within the periphery of the respective spacer. An inlet for electrolyte is connected to one outer cell and an outlet for the gas is connected to the outer cell. The electrodes are imperforate except for apertures adjacent to the tops of the cells and in use a DC power source is connected across outer electrodes. The generator is of simple construction and achieves good cooling, high mechanical strength against internal explosions and ensures a minimal quantity of explosive gas in the upper regions of the cells.
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Haas; Richard M. - Polycell gas generator Patent #4339324 - 1982
Abstract: An improved gas generator comprising a multiplicity of electrolytic cells arranged to accommodate a series current path, parallel electrolytic flow and minimized leakage current paths, in a stacked plate configuration that affords a high degree of portability at low cost.
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Papineau; Ronald I. - Apparatus for generating hydrogen Patent #4371500 - 1983
Abstract: A hydrogen generating system, which produces hydrogen instantaneously from water ready for use upon demand. The system includes a reactor that has reaction zones wherein catalyst and elevated temperatures generate hydrogen from steam. The zones in the reactor can be in the form of tubes about a heat generating chamber, and the zones are adapted to be interconnected to each other, to atmosphere, and to the source of steam, all to maximize the generation of hydrogen by providing a reactor of optimum flexibility. The present invention also is directed to systems, which include the hydrogen generating system and which utilize the generated hydrogen as a fuel or as a chemical.
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Henes; Richard W. - Gas generator Patent #4425215 - 1984
Abstract: A gas generator assembly comprising a three plate cell employable in a series of cells to form a generator having a minimum number of parts.
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Nolan; Mary E. - Integrated electrochemical/chemical oxygen generating system Patent #4488951 - 1984
Abstract: The integrated electrochemical/chemical oxygen generating system of the invention includes a water electrolyzer combined with a chemical oxygen generating subsystem which converts hydrogen from the electrolyzer to a decomposable oxygen source such as hydrogen peroxide. The total oxygen output of such a system is greater than that possible from the electrolyzer alone while safely disposing of the electrochemically generated hydrogen.
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Neefe; Charles W. - Passive hydrogel fuel generator Patent #4511450 - 1985
Abstract: A passive hydrogen oxygen generator in which the long wavelength infrared portion of the sun's spectrum heats water to provide circulation of the water within the generator. The shorter wavelength portion of the spectrum to which water is transparent is used in splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen by photoelectrolysis.
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Meyer; Stanley A. - Gas electrical hydrogen generator Patent #4613304 - 1986
Abstract: A hydrogen gas generator system for converting water into hydrogen and oxygen gasses, in combination with a magnetic particle accelerator for voltage/current electrical potential generation. The hydrogen gas generator encompasses an array of plates immersed in a housing and having natural water pass therethrough. Direct current, voltage dependant/current limited, potential applied to the plates causes the hydrogen/oxygen gasses to disassociate from the water molecule. The upper portion of the container is a hydrogen/oxygen mixture collection chamber for maintaining a predetermined gas pressure. There is introduced into the hydrogen/oxygen collection chamber, from a source, a substantial quantity of permanently magnetically polarized particles. Attached to the gas collection chamber outlet is a non-magnetic, non-conductive closed loop of tubing. The polarized magnetic particles are caused to circulate in the closed loop tubing by an electrical and/or mechanical pump. A pick-up coil wound around the tubing will have a voltage induced therein as the magnetic field of the polarized magnetized gas particles pass therthrough. The induced voltage has utilization as an electrical power source. In that the hydrogen/oxygen gasses are not polarized the gasses will seek a pressure release via an outlet. The hydrogen and oxygen gasses may be utilized such as in a burner system.
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Buxbaum; Robert E. - Hydrogen generator Patent #6461408 - 2002
Abstract: An apparatus for extracting a gas, in particular hydrogen, from a fluid stream utilizing a plate membrane flattened with a wave spring on the low pressure side of the membrane and a turbulence generator on the high pressure side. Alternately, the membrane is folded and wrapped against a central conduit within the membrane fold. Extraction membranes have a substrate layer of Ta--W, V--Co, V--Pd, V--Au, V--Cu, V--Al, Nb--Ag, Nb--Au, Nb--Pt, Nb--Pd, V--Ni--Co, V--Ni--Pd, V--Nb--Pt or V--Pd--Au alloy or combination thereof and a first layer affixed to the outer surface of the substrate towards a mixed gas flow which is composed of palladium, platinum, rhodium, or palladium alloys.
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Kim; Sang Nam - Apparatus for generating energy using cyclic combustion of Brown Gas Patent #6443725 – 2002
Abstract: An energy generating apparatus using the cyclic combustion of Brown gas is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a heat generating unit, an outer wall, a Brown gas generator, an open-shut valve and a burner. The heat generating unit is positioned on a base. The outer wall surrounds the heat generating unit so as to define a combustion chamber, is provided with a discharge hole at its upper portion, and radiates infrared rays. The Brown gas generator is used to generate Brown gas. The open-shut valve is positioned between supply pipes so as to block the Brown gas discharged from the Brown gas generator. The burner is used to heat the heat generating unit by burning Brown gas supplied through the open-shut valve and the supply pipes.
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Lin; Yang-Chen - Rich oxygen gas generator Patent #6372100 - 2002
Abstract: A rich oxygen gas generator includes an electrolytic tank for electrolyzing water to hydrogen and oxygen gases, a mixing tank containing a carbon hydrogen compound solvent and hydrogen and oxygen gases from the electrolytic tank, a pump for pumping air to the mixing tank to speed up evaporation of the carbon hydrogen compound solvent and a burner to receive mixing hydrogen and oxygen gas from the electrolytic tank and compound solvent gas from the mixing tank to produce flame. Flame temperature and heat may be changed and adjusted through controlling flow rate and volume of the pumping air.
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Klein; Dennis - Mixed gas generator Patent #6689259 – 2004
Abstract: The present invention is a device, which generates a hydrogen and oxygen gas, preferably used for welding. The hydrogen and oxygen gas is generated by an electrolyzing process. Electrolyte is pumped into the hydrogen-oxygen generator where the gas is separated from the electrolyte by applying a direct current voltage across the generator. Oxygen is formed in one part, hydrogen in the other and then combined to form the gas. As the gas is generated, pressure is built up. When the pressure reaches an operating pressure, the gas is pumped via the plumbing system into the electrolyte reservoir, through a filtering process, and stored in a gas reservoir that is connected to a supply line. In operation the supply line is attached to a torch.
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Marin; Daniel J - Cavitation hydrogen generator Patent #6719817 - 2004
Abstract: A cavitating hydrogen generator is provided to mechanically separate hydrogen molecules from water to be used as a fuel source. Turbines fans rotating at a high RPM agitate water that is introduced into a vacuum and captures and separates the resulting hydrogen and oxygen molecules and stores the hydrogen molecules and purges the oxygen molecules. Any remaining water molecules existing as vapor or otherwise are transported through a recycling conduit where they are cooled prior to reintroduction to the cavitation chamber.
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Slavchev; Slavcho - Electrolytic regenerator Patent #6911126 - 2005
Abstract: An electrolysis system to be used in a salt-water application at a predetermined depth. The electrolysis system comprises two cylindrical tanks that are connected by an ionic bridge. Enclosed within each tank are turbine assemblies attached to a generator by a shaft. An anode coil is secured to one tank near the bottom and a cathode coil is secured to the other tank near its bottom. Electricity is supplied from an external source to power said anode and cathode coils. Once electrolysis starts to occur, oxygen and hydrogen gas emit and travel towards the top of their respective tanks. As the respective gases pass their respective valves, they turn their respective turbines, which enable their respective generators. Once the generators are providing sufficient power for the anode and cathode coils to perform electrolysis, the external power supply is disconnected. Oxygen and hydrogen is then stored.
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Rhodes; William A. - Generator Patent #3262872 - 1966
Abstract: This invention relates to a means and method for the electrolytic production of Hydrogen and Oxygen and for the safe consumption thereof, by a torch or other means controlling the combustion of these gases.

Horvath; Stephen - Electrolysis apparatus Patent #3954592 - 1976
Abstract: A novel electrolytic cell performs an electrolysis process at improved efficiencies by supplying a pulsed DC current to the electrodes thereof. In preferred embodiment a generally cylindrical anode, with a fluted outer surface, is surrounded by a segmented cathode having an active area equal to the active area of the anode. An electrolyte, which may be a 25 percent solution of potassium hydroxide is introduced into the cell for production of hydrogen and oxygen at the cathode and anode respectively. The current for carrying on the electrolysis process is provided by a transformer, which is preferably located within an oil filled chamber inside the anode. Heat from this transformer and a magnetic field also created thereby both have a beneficial effect upon the reaction rates. The pulsing of the electrode current may in one embodiment be carried out at a rate of between 5,000 and 40,000 pulses per minute, with a rate of about 10,000 pulses per minute being preferred. In such an arra ngement the current level may be about 220 amps at a duty cycle of about 0.006 and the electrode voltage may be about 3 volts. Thus there are produced very short, sharp pulses, which have been found to be very effective in the production of reaction products. Appropriate circuitry is disclosed for providing a driving signal to the transformer, as well as an arrangement for safely taking off the reaction products and stopping the process upon sensing of a predetermined internal pressure.
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Murray; John N. w/ other - Process for generating ultra high purity H.sub.2 or O.sub.2 Patent #3969481 - 1976
Abstract: A purification system for producing extremely pure H.sub.2 from H.sub.2 gas streams containing water and small amounts of O.sub.2 comprises a single column with alternating layers of adsorbent and a catalyst for the reaction 2H.sub.2 + O.sub.2 .fwdarw. 2H.sub.2 O. The alternating layers are arranged so that the gas to be purified first meets an adsorbent layer, next a catalyst layer and finally an adsorbent layer. Two such columns can be operated alternatively, one being used to produce purified gas, while the other is backflushed with as little as 2% of the product gas of the operating column. By this technique, H.sub.2 gas can be produced having a purity as high as 99.9999% or higher. The inventive system can also be used to purify O.sub.2 gas streams containing water and small amounts of hydrogen.
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Papineau; Ronald I. - Energy generating system Patent #3967589 - 1976
Abstract: Energy system in which steam is generated by combustion of hydrogen in ozone enriched air. The steam so generated is supplied to an asymmetric microporous membrane, which causes chemical disassociation of the steam to yield hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen gas is used to maintain combustion in a closed power generating system.
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Rhodes; William A. - Electrolytic gold recovery and separation process Patent #3957603 – 1976
Abstract: A new and effective electrochemical process for the extraction of gold, silver and other precious metals from low-yield ores containing relatively large quantities of other non-precious metals wherein a novel electrolytic dissolution cell is provided for the controlled production and efficient utilization of chlorine as a solubilizing agent for the removal of the precious metals from the ore bodies.
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Brown; Howard - Solar Powered Hydrogen/Oxygen Gas Generation Patent #4080271 – 1978
Abstract: This invention relates to the utilization of solar energy by means of a reflector, a boiler and a turbogenerator whereby solar heat is concentrated and electric power is produced, utilization of the exhaust heat from the power cycle in the distillation of sea water, and utilization of the electric power in a plurality of electrolytic cells whereby hydrogen and oxygen are extracted from the distilled water and hydrogen and chlorine are extracted from the sea water.
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Horvath; Stephen - Electrolysis method for producing hydrogen and oxygen Patent #4107008 - 1978
Abstract: A novel electrolytic cell produces a mixture of highly ionized hydrogen and oxygen gases by a method combining electrolysis and radiolysis of an aqueous electrolyte. The electrolyte, which may be a 25% of potassium hydroxide, is introduced into the cell and is simultaneously subjected to an electrolysing current and intense irradiation by electromagnetic radiation of frequency less than 10.sup.-10 meters.
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Spirig; Ernst - Water decomposing apparatus Patent #4113601 - 1978
Abstract: A water decomposition apparatus for producing detonating gas or oxyhydrogen gas comprises a plurality of electrolytic cells formed between a nested plurality of endless laminar electrodes each sealingly abutting at its upper and lower edges against elastomeric insulating layers on the surfaces of rigid plates. Electrolyte circulation through the assembly is permitted by an inlet aperture in one extreme cell, an outlet aperture in the other extreme cell and an aperture in each intermediate electrode adjacent its upper edge. The inlet and outlet apertures are coupled for electrolyte circulation by immersing the assembly in electrolyte or by an extended duct system connecting the apertures. Current is supplied to the extreme inner and outer electrodes from a d.-c. source. Control means may be provided to reduce the magnitude of the current as the gas pressure rises. A plurality of assemblies may be connected electrically in series across the d.-c. supply. When an electrode assembly is to be immersed in electrolyte its outermost electrode is surrounded by an electrically inoperative shielding member sealingly engaging the insulating members.
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Shaffer, Jr.; Marlin R. - Hydrogen supply and utility systems and components thereof Patent #4161657 - 1979
Abstract: An energy system that is responsive to and converts radiant energy into direct current electricity at a pair of output connectors which are maintained at a potential difference. The hydrogen and oxygen-generating electrodes of an electrolysis cell are coupled to such terminals so that hydrogen and oxygen may be produced, with at least the former being stored under pressure. Valve or regulator means is supplied the hydrogen storage system such that, preferably, a constant volumetric output over a given time span is maintained for producing a useful result such as a continuous source of electrical energy. The valve means is regulated so that the gas pressure within the storage system is always maintained above a predetermined threshhold. Useful results are produced in the form of mechanical power, electrical power, the synthesizing of ammonia, and other important products and results. Where a hydrogen engine is employed in the system, then the vapor output is preferably fed back to t he electrolysis cells of the system so that the water needed in the cell is continuously replenished. The system is designed such that the radiant energy, though intermittent or irregular, will generate a regulated source of essentially uniform electrical or mechanical energy or other useful, continuous product or result, as desired.
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Monahan; Daniel E. - Process and apparatus for generating hydrogen and oxygen using solar energy Patent #4233127 - 1980
Abstract: This application relates to a method and apparatus for generating hydrogen and oxygen gas from water with solar energy. A solar reflector concentrates solar energy into a water-containing reaction chamber to raise the temperature to the dissociation temperature of water. Both the thermal and photolytic effects of the sun's rays are employed to dissociate water. The hydrogen and oxygen formed upon dissociation are drawn off and separated.
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Hackmyer; Saul A. - Commercial hydrogen gas production by electrolysis of water while being subjected to microwave energy Patent #4265721 - 1981
Abstract: Water is electrolytically decomposed in a microwave-fed resonant cavity whereby electrolysis is so greatly enhanced as to make the commercial production of hydrogen and oxygen gasses a practicality.
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Chappelle; Claude L. w/ others - Water-decomposition and gas-generating apparatus Patented #4379043 - 1983
Abstract: An apparatus is provided for decomposing water and producing detonating gas by electrolysis. The apparatus includes a plurality of annular carbon electrodes, which are concentrically arranged about a common vertical axis. The annular electrodes are perforated and have upper and lower ends, the lower ends being positioned adjacent to sealing and insulating elements in order to form a plurality of concentrically-arranged cells for containing electrolyte, e.g., water. A solid carbon electrode, preferably cylindrical, is positioned within the smallest concentric electrode and along the common axis. Apparatus is provided for supplying water to the cells, and for applying a direct current across the electrodes in order to evolve the detonating gas from the electrolyte in the cells by electrolysis.
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Heller; Charles H. - Device for producing hydrogen and oxygen gases Patent #4419329 - 1983
Abstract: A device to disassociate combustion product compounds such as water into hydrogen and oxygen gases is provided, including a tube to pass steam through a layered P-N semi-conductor system by which excess electrons are added to the steam, heat is added to the steam, a sweeping magnetic field to accelerate the steam ions in a swirling motion to cause the steam mass to accumulate high velocity kinetic energy and a porous plug of a catalyst metal, such as platinum, splitting the steam ions into oxygen and hydrogen.
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Puharich; Henry K. - Method and apparatus for splitting water molecules Patent #4394230 - 1983
Abstract: Disclosed herein is a new and improved thermodynamic device to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas from ordinary water molecules or from seawater at normal temperatures and pressure. Also disclosed is a new and improved method for electrically treating water molecules to decompose them into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas at efficiency levels ranging between approximately 80-100%. The evolved hydrogen gas may be used as a fuel; and the evolved oxygen gas may be used as an oxidant.
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Cover; John H. - Energy conversion system Patent #4465964 -1984
Abstract: A system is disclosed for converting one form of energy into an alternate form of energy by means of a low-temperature process. A liquid flow loop with two vertical columns that are interconnected at the top and bottom circulates a fluid. A convective flow of this fluid is established by heating the fluid in one of the columns and cooling the fluid in the other column to establish a weight differential between the fluid in the two columns. An electric generator is placed on this loop so that, as the fluid flows through the loop and through the generator, electrical energy is generated. This electrical energy is used to electrolize a second fluid, such as a solution of sulphuric acid, into gasses such as hydrogen and oxygen. The gasses so generated are used to increase the rate of flow of the fluid, and consequently the rate of electric energy production. In one embodiment, the gasses are injected into the rising column of the fluid to increase the weight differential between the fl uid in the two columns and enhance the convective flow of that fluid. These gasses, which contain chemical energy, are then removed from the loop at the top of this column. Alternatively, the gasses can be accumulated at high pressure, and the pressure used to inject a volatile fluid into the loop.
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Cover; John H. - Thermal energy conversion Patent #4486701 - 1984
Abstract: A system is disclosed for converting thermal energy into chemical energy by means of a low-temperature process. A liquid flow loop with two vertical columns that are interconnected at the top and bottom circulates an electrically conducting fluid, such as mercury. A convective flow of this electrically conducting fluid is established by heating the fluid in one of the columns and cooling the fluid in the other column to establish a weight differential between the fluid in the two columns. A magnetohydroynamic generator is placed on this loop so that, as the fluid flows through the loop and through the generator, electrical energy is generated. This electrical energy is used to electrolize a second fluid, such as a solution of sulphuric acid, into gasses such as hydrogen and oxygen. The gasses so generated are injected into the rising column of the electrically conducting fluid to increase the weight differential between the fluid in the two columns and enhance the convective flow o f that fluid. These gasses, which contain chemical energy, are then removed from the loop at the top of this column.
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Iwanciow; Bernard L. Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy - Fuel cell with storable gas generator Patent #4628010 - 1986
Abstract: A fuel cell operable by two gas generators which produce hydrogen and oxy by oxidation and reduction of hydrogen and oxygen containing salts respectively.
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Ofenloch; Bernard G. F. - Circular coil electrolysis apparatus Patent #4599158 - 1986
Abstract: This disclosure relates to a simple electrolysis apparatus utilizing no physical electrical connecting means to an array of electrodes. The apparatus comprises an array of electrode plates aligned radially from the axis of symmetry, a container housing the electrode plates or cells, a coil of wire around the periphery of the container and means to provide an appropriate variation in the coil current conducive to the occurrence of the electrolysis process between the electrode plates.
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Hasebe; Shigeta w/ others - Apparatus for simultaneous generation of oxygen and hydrogen gases Patent # 4747925 - 1988
Abstract: While a large number of positive and negative electrodes are alternately arranged in an alignment on a same level in an electrolytic tank, a pair of magnets having the polarities thereof fixed in the same direction and which are disposed along the direction horizontally orthogonal to the arrangement of the electrodes of the same level, so that an electric field and a magnetic field will be generated on the horizontal directions orthogonal to each other and a force according to the Fleming's left-hand rule will be directed to the upward direction perpendicular to both the electric field and the magnetic field. The small bubbles adherent to the surface of the electrodes are enabled to be separated therefrom and allowed to float up owing to the addition of the upward force to their insufficient buoyancy.
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McCambridge; Michael - Electrolysis of water Patent #4726888 - 1988
Abstract: Water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen gases by impressing alternate ones of a plurality of sheet electrodes a direct current of given polarity having low voltage and high amperage while simultaneously impressing on the cathode and anodes of a plurality of electrolytic cells, individually sandwiched between the sheet electrodes a high voltage and low amperage direct current, while the sheet electrodes and the electrolytic cells are all immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution.
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Meyer; Stanley A. - Method for the production of a fuel gas Patent #4936961 - 1990
Abstract: A method for obtaining the release of a fuel gas mixture including hydrogen and oxygen from water in which the water is processed as a dielectric medium in an electrical resonant circuit.
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Lee; Woodrow W. Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy - Material and method for fast generation of hydrogen gas and steam Patent #5143047 - 1992
Abstract: A high power pulse of electrical current causes a metal conductor to expl and initiate a reaction between an aluminum or aluminum alloy powder and water which generates hydrogen gas at a high temperature and pressure. The reaction mixture is released into a second larger chamber equipped with heat exchanger, which extracts useful heat energy and cools down the reaction mixture. The hydrogen gas is then separated from the solid metal oxide byproducts in the cooled reaction mixture.
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Meyer; Stanley A. - Process and apparatus for the production of fuel gas and the enhanced release of thermal energy from such gas Patent #5149407 - 1992
Abstract: Water molecules are broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gas atoms in a capacitive cell by a polarization and resonance process dependent upon the dielectric properties of water and water molecules. The gas atoms are thereafter ionized or otherwise energized and thermally combusted to release a degree of energy greater than that of combustion of the gas in ambient air.
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Schubert; Franz H. w/ other Assignee: The United States of America - Water electrolysis Patent # 5110436 - 1992
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to an electrolysis cell forming hydrogen and oxygen at spaced terminals. The anode terminal is porous and able to form oxygen within the cell and permit escape of the gaseous oxygen through the anode and out through a flow line in the presence of backpressure. Hydrogen is liberated in the cell at the opposing solid metal cathode, which is permeable to hydrogen but not oxygen so that the migratory hydrogen formed in the cell is able to escape from the cell. The cell is maintained at an elevated pressure so that oxygen liberated by the cell is delivered at elevated pressure without pumping to raise the pressure of the oxygen.
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Wenske; Hanno w/ others - Electrolysis cell for gas-evolving electrolytic processes Patent #5087344 - 1992
Abstract: An electrolysis cell for gas-evolving electrolytic processes using at least one electrode having electrode elements arranged parallel is described; the electrode elements have a thickness of up to three times the mean bubble separation diameter and have a capillary gap with respect to one another such that a motion of the gas bubbles through the electrode is brought about substantially in the direction or in the opposite direction of the electric field between the reaction surfaces of the anode and cathode.
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Munday; John F. - Water fuelled boiler Patent #5279260 -1994
Abstract: A water to fuel electrolysis system for providing hydrogen and oxygen gases to a steam boiler for the production of heat and steam.
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Dungan; Arthur E. - Apparatus for the gasification of water Patent #5385657 - 1995
Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating hydrogen gas by reacting water and an electrode at high temperature, wherein water is delivered under pressure by a pump in communication with a storage facility or tank in a manner forcing the water, at a controlled rate, into a gas tight vessel in which a heated electrode is positioned. An exothermic reaction takes place, whereby the liquid reactant, water, is reduced to hydrogen gas. A conduit in communication with the produced gas outlet of the vessel conducts the hydrogen gas to the predetermined connection for use, whether for combustion in an engine, or for industrial use.
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Klein; Martin - Electrolytic hydrogen storage and generation Patent #5540831 - 1996
Abstract: Hydrogen storage and generation is accomplished using an electrolytic cell which employs an inert gas electrode, a rechargeable battery electrode having an active material which stores hydrogen or is close to the potential of hydrogen, and a sealed housing which houses the electrodes, a separator and an aqueous electrolyte and has a port for extracting hydrogen generated in the cell.
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Kucherov; Yan R. - Energy generation apparatus Patent #5632870 - 1997
Abstract: Electrolytic cell apparatus and methods for generating a useful energy product from a plurality of energy sources. In a preferred embodiment, hydrogen gas is produced at a cathode by transmission of electrons through a low voltage potential barrier to electron flow achieved by careful control of electrolyte constituent concentrations and surface materials on the cathode. A portion of the energy captured in the hydrogen gas is provided by heat transmitting activity of ions dissociated from water at an anode which catalytically dissociates the water and thereby transfers thermal energy from the anode to the ions and other constituents of the cell electrolyte. Thermal energy is replaced in the anode by absorption of heat from the surrounding environment.
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Lemelson; Jerome H. - High temperature reaction method Patent #5628881 - 1997
Abstract: A high temperature reaction apparatus for reacting on solid, liquid and gaseous materials to change their state and/or chemical compositions. High temperatures are generated within a reaction chamber by means of electrical energy applied to electrodes or other means for generating radiant energy. The radiant energy may be in one or more forms such as a beam or a plasma. In a preferred form, the apparatus is controlled by a master controller such as a computer which generates control signals applied to control the admission of a reaction material or materials to a reaction chamber, the operation of one or more electrical energy to radiant energy generating means and, in certain arrangements, the removal or products of the high temperature reaction from the reaction chamber. Controlled chemical and/or physical reactions may thus be effected under computer control to perform such functions as incineration, the production of select chemicals, the refining of metals, the comminuting of solids, the vaporization of solid materials or select portions thereof, the production of select gases from vapors and solid materials and the coating of surfaces by particulate and/or vapor deposition. The apparatus may also be operated to provide combinations of such processes in a single reaction chamber or in a series of chambers joined together for the sequential and continuous processing of solid, liquid, vaporous and/or gaseous matter fed per se or as a mixture or separate streams thereof.
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Lemelson; Jerome H. - High temperature reaction apparatus Patent #5552675 - 1997
Abstract: A high temperature reaction apparatus for reacting on solid, liquid and gaseous materials to change their state and/or chemical compositions. High temperatures are generated within a reaction chamber by means of electrical energy applied to electrodes or other means for generating radiant energy. The radiant energy may be in one or more forms such as a beam or a plasma. In a preferred form, the apparatus is controlled by a master controller such as a computer which generates control signals applied to control the admission of a reaction material or materials to a reaction chamber, the operation of one or more electrical energy to radiant energy generating means and, in certain arrangements, the removal of products of the high temperature reaction from the reaction chamber. Controlled chemical and/or physical reactions may thus be effected under computer control to perform such functions as incineration, the production of select chemicals, the refining of metals, the comminuting of solids, the vaporization of solid materials of select portions thereof, the production of select gases from vapors and solid materials and the coating of surfaces by particulate and/or vapor depostion. The apparatus may also be operated to provide combinations of such processes in a single reaction chamber or in a series of chambers joined together for the sequential and continuous processing of solid, liquid, vaporous and/or gaseous matter fed per se or as a mixture or separate streams thereof.
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Caesar; Mervyn Leonard - Electrolytic gas producer method and apparatus Patent #5711865 - 1998
Abstract: Electrolytic gas producer apparatus is provided wherein a water inlet has a pressure sensor and solenoid valve control passes water through a filter by pump to a reservoir. Cell chambers maintain electrolyte by supply pump and solenoid valve delivering to the cell via solenoid valves responsive to a level sensor. Gas outlet apertures extend into a polling manifold via solenoid valves and thence to a wash tank. The gas is removed from the tank via a manifold to a vacuum pump, which draws the gas through a first filter including a drain line and a secondary filter for residual moisture removal. After the pump the gas passes under water in a flashback arrester filled with metal mesh. The gas then travels to a moisture removing filter and delivery pumps for delivery via intermediate solenoid valves, an outlet manifold, and final solenoid valves which control delivery to an electronically monitored outlet flashback arrester comprising infrared sensors to detect and signal a flashback co ndition.
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Spiros; Spiro Ross - Electrolysis systems Patent #5843292 - 1998
Abstract: A cell arrangement for the electrolysis of water to liberate hydrogen and oxygen gases is described. A cell unit (125) has a stacked arrangement of segmentation disks (114), a first type of (anode) cell plates (90), a second type of (cathode) cell plates (98) and separation membranes (116). Interconnecting conductive shafts (126-131) pass through holes (100, 102) of the cell plates (90,98) to have selective electrical interconnection therewith. Water and electrolyte are supplied by inlet ports (108, 110) to immerse the cell plates (90, 98). The membranes (116) normally isolate adjacent cathode and anode plates (90, 98) from the mixing of liberated oxygen and hydrogen gases while allowing ionic current to flow. By selective adjustment of the water/electrolyte pressure differential on the respective sides of the separation membranes (116), the admixture of the liberated gases can be produced. The liberated gases discharge through outlet ports (104,106).
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Christian; John Daniel Assignee: Aquagas New Zealand Limited - Electrolytic apparatus Patent #5858185 - 1999
Abstract: The invention is directed to a cell for an electrolytic apparatus, which comprises a pressure vessel containing a self-contained electrode unit. The electrode unit has an inlet for the supply of electrolyte and an outlet for liberated ad-mixed hydrogen and oxygen gas. The electrode unit further having plurality of spaced-apart concentric cylindrical electrodes and a pair of internal end plates provided at each end of the concentric cylinders. At least one of the internal end plates includes the electrolyte inlet and/or gas outlet. The pressure vessel comprises a cylindrical outer shell having planar transverse end plates, which are connected at or adjacent to the opposed ends of the cylindrical outer shell. The pressure vessel being capable of withstanding explosions of stored liberated gas.
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Hirai; Kiyoshi w/ others - Apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen Patent #5888361 - 1999
Abstract: A simply configured cooling mechanism for an apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen is disclosed. The configuration makes it possible to freely select the type of heat exchanger, without any restrictions, in order to improve cooling efficiency. In particular, a heat exchanger for cooling deionized water in a deionized water tank, which contains an electrolytic cell, is installed outside the tank. An inlet to the heat exchanger is connected to a deionized water flow outlet from the tank that is below the level of the deionized water the tank by a pipe, and an outlet from the heat exchanger to tank is connected to a deionized water flow inlet that is positioned in the tank below the deionized water flow outlet.
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Spiros; Spiro Ross - Electrolysis systems Patent #5997283 - 1999
Abstract: A cell arrangement for the electrolysis of water to liberate hydrogen and oxygen gases is described. A cell unit (125) has a stacked arrangement of segmentation disks (114), a first type of (anode) cell plates (90), a second type of (cathode) cell plates (98) and separation membranes (116). Interconnecting conductive shafts (126-131) pass through holes (100,102) of the cell plates (90,98) to have selective electrical interconnection therewith. Water and electrolyte is supplied by inlet ports (108,110) to immerse the cell plates (90,98). The membranes (116) normally isolate adjacent cathode and anode plates (90,98) from the mixing of liberated oxygen and hydrogen gases whilst allowing ionic current flow. By selective adjustment of the water/electrolyte pressure differential on respective sides of the separation membranes (116), admixture of the liberated gases can be produced. The liberated gases discharge by outlet ports (104,106).
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Baker; Richard W. w/ others - Membrane-based conditioning for adsorption system feed gases Patent # 6011192 – 2000
Abstract: A process for treating gas streams containing hydrogen and hydrocarbons. The process includes a membrane conditioning step to remove C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbons, followed by a selective adsorption or membrane separation step to separate hydrogen from methane. The membrane conditioning step uses a membrane selective for C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbons over hydrogen.
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Mori; Masahiro - Method of combusting a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion and combustion apparatus Patent #6012915 – 2000
Abstract: There is disclosed a method of combusting a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion, which comprises elevating the temperature of a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion, and vaporizing the emulsion, with a temperature-elevating and vaporizing apparatus 3, jetting the water/fossil fuel mixed gas thus formed by that elevation of the temperature and that vaporization from a burner 7, and bringing a Brown's gas flame of a Brown's gas combustion burner 5, in contact with the flow of the mixed gas, thereby combusting the water/fossil fuel mixed gas. There is also disclosed an apparatus for combusting a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion. According to the combusting method and the combustion apparatus, it is possible to combust the water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion with good energy efficiency, and to obtain high calories resulting from the combustion.
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Chambers; Stephen Barrie - Method for producing orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen Patent #6419815 - 2002
Abstract: An apparatus for producing orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. The apparatus includes a container holding water and at least one pair of closely-spaced electrodes arranged within the container and submerged in the water. A first power supply provides a particular first pulsed signal to the electrodes. A coil may also be arranged within the container and submerged in the water if the production of parahydrogen is also required. A second power supply provides a second pulsed signal to the coil through a switch to apply energy to the water. When the second power supply is disconnected from the coil by the switch and only the electrodes receive a pulsed signal, then orthohydrogen can be produced. When the second power supply is connected to the coil and both the electrodes and coil receive pulsed signals, then the first and second pulsed signals can be controlled to produce parahydrogen. The container is self-pressurized and the water within the container requires no chemical catalyst t o efficiently produce the orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. Heat is not generated, and bubbles do not form on the electrodes.
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Leonida; Andrei Asignee: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation - Water electrolysis system Patent #6375812 - 2002
Abstract: A water electrolysis system includes a water electrolysis cell stack having an anode and a cathode. A water storage tank having an outlet is disposed above the cell stack and communicates with an inlet of one of the anode and the cathode of the cell stack for gravity feeding water from the water storage tank to the cell stack. A phase separator is disposed below and in communication with the water storage tank. The phase separator has an inlet for receiving a two phase stream including water and product gas exiting an outlet of the one of the anode and cathode of the cell stack, and includes a conduit having a lower end disposed within the phase separator for receiving water recovered in the phase separator. The conduit has an upper end extending into the water storage tank. Further, the conduit defines a plurality of openings along a portion of the conduit disposed in the phase separator such that the product gas received in the inlet of the phase separator enters the inside of th e conduit through the openings and entrains and lifts water upwardly therewith through the conduit and into the water storage tank whereby water is recirculated through the cell stack.
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Baker; Richard W. w/ others - Hydrogen gas separation using organic-vapor-resistant membranes Patent #6544316 - 2003
Abstract: A process for separating hydrogen from a multicomponent gas mixture containing hydrogen and a hydrocarbon, using gas-separation membranes selective for hydrogen over the hydrocarbon. The membranes use a selective layer made from a polymer having repeating units of a fluorinated polymer, and demonstrate good resistance to plasticization by the organic components in the gas mixture under treatment, and good recovery after exposure to liquid aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Dammann; Wilbur A. w/ others - Liquid gasification reactor Patent #6554975 - 2003
Abstract: A reactor includes a housing with an input port for liquid feedstock and an exhaust port for gas produced by a liquid gasification process. The housing includes a pressurized reaction chamber with a pair of spaced apart electrodes having inward free ends immersed in the liquid feedstock. One of the electrodes is mounted on an operable shaft, to move inward and outward relative to the other electrode. A drive mechanism for the operable shaft is located outside the reaction chamber to selectively move the shaft. The reaction chamber is pressurized to increase efficiency of the reactor, and the chamber within which the drive mechanism is located is pressurized to substantially the same pressure as the reaction chamber.
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Lokhandwala; Kaaeid A. w/ other - Hydrogen/hydrocarbon separation process, including PSA and membranes Patent #6592749 - 2003
Abstract: An improved process for separating hydrogen from hydrocarbons. The process includes a pressure swing adsorption step, a compression/cooling step and a membrane separation step. The membrane step uses a rubbery polymeric membrane selective for all C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 hydrocarbons over hydrogen. The process can produce three products: a high-purity hydrogen stream, an LPG stream and a light hydrocarbon fuel gas stream.
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Rosenblum; Maya - Electrolytic cell Patent #6572740 - 2003
Abstract: Improved electrolytic cells are described. The cells comprise the novel electrolyte K.sub.2 HPO.sub.4, or a less alkaline phosphate buffer solution, electrodes having a modified composition, or a combination of the new electrolyte and a modified composition electrode. The K.sub.2 HPO.sub.4 electrolyte, or less alkaline phosphate buffer solution, and modified electrodes can be used in liquid delivery devices which deliver a liquid agent at a constant rate or a controlled variable rate over a period of time.
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Santilli; Ruggero Maria - Apparatus and method for recycling contaminated liquids Patent #6540966 - 2003
Abstract: Reactors for the total recycling of contaminated liquid waste, which produce a clean burning combustible gas, usable heat, and solid precipitates. Different embodiments include the efficient recycling of automotive antifreeze and oil waste, a new method for the production of a fuel from crude oil, for desalting seawater and for recycling biologically contaminated liquid waste, such as town sewage, into a clean burning combustible gas, nutrient rich water useful for irrigation, and solid precipitates useful for fertilizers.
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Santilli; Ruggero Maria - Clean burning liquid fuel produced via a self-sustaining processing of liquid feedstock Patent #6663752 - 2003
Abstract: The invention relates to a novel self-sustaining method for the clean production of a clean burning liquid fuel called MagneFuel, which method is based, first, in the production of a combustible gas via submerged electric arcs between carbon-base electrodes from crude oil, oil-base, or water-base liquid waste and then passing the combustible gas via a high pressure pipe into a tower for the catalytic liquefaction, whereby the sum of the heat output in the production of the combustible gas and that for its catalytic liquefaction is sufficient for the process to be self-sustaining, that is, capable to produce its own electricity. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope of meaning of the claims.
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Schmitman; Craig H. - System and method for the production and use of hydrogen on board a marine vessel Patent #6610193 - 2003
Abstract: This invention is directed to an integrated onboard hydrogen (H.sub.2) production and utilization system for all watercraft, which yields environmentally benign vessel power production without new infrastructure requirements. Water (H.sub.2 O) is supplied to a vessel, whether ashore, docked or underway, and is systematically converted into hydrogen and oxygen. The energy required for this process may be provided by any renewable or non-renewable source. The H.sub.2 produced is either utilized at once or stored. Energy is released from the H.sub.2 by one or more power plants.
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Surma; Jeffrey E. - Methods and apparatus for treating waste Patent #6630113 - 2003
Abstract: Methods and apparatus for treating waste are provided. Waste is converted in an arc plasma-joule heated melter system utilizing one or more arc plasma electrodes and a plurality of joule heating electrodes. The arc plasma electrode(s) can be configured for operation utilizing AC or DC power, or for switching between AC and DC power. The arc plasma electrodes can also be configured for independent arc voltage and arc current control. The joule heating circuits are configured for simultaneous operation with the arcing electrodes, but without detrimental interaction with the arcing electrodes. The systems provide stable, non-leachable products and a gaseous fuel. The gaseous fuel can be utilized in a combustion or non-combustion process to generate electricity.
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Byron, Jr.; Robert H. w/ other - Gas/liquid phase separator for electrolysis cell Patent #6712944 - 2004
Abstract: A gas/liquid phase separator for an electrolysis cell includes a vessel and a float in operable communication with each other. The vessel includes a fluid inlet and first and second fluid outlets. A fluid stream comprising gas and liquid is received in the vessel through the fluid inlet, and at least a portion of the gas exits the vessel through the second fluid outlet. The float is configured to interface with the first fluid outlet and either maintain or prevent fluid communication across the first fluid outlet when the float is in at least partial contact with the first fluid outlet.
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Chambers; Stephen Barrie - Hydrogen producing apparatus Patent #6790324 - 2004
Abstract: An apparatus for producing orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. The apparatus includes a container holding water and at least one pair of closely-spaced electrodes arranged within the container and submerged in the water. A first power supply provides a particular first pulsed signal to the electrodes. A coil may also be arranged within the container and submerged in the water if the production of parahydrogen is also required. A second power supply provides a second pulsed signal to the coil through a switch to apply energy to the water. When the second power supply is disconnected from the coil by the switch and only the electrodes receive a pulsed signal, then orthohydrogen can be produced. When the second power supply is connected to the coil and both the electrodes and coil receive pulsed signals, then the first and second pulsed signals can be controlled to produce parahydrogen. The container is self-pressurized and the water within the container requires no chemical catalyst t o efficiently produce the orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. Heat is not generated, and bubbles do not form on the electrodes.
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Santilli; Rugerro Maria - Apparatus for making a novel, highly efficient, nonpollutant, oxygen rich and cost competitive combustible gas and associated method Patent #6673322 – 2004
Abstract: A process for the production of a clean burning combustible gas by flowing a liquid through an electric arc. The electrodes have several configurations. The invention prevents the production of carbon dioxide in the gas thereby reducing its presence when combusted and exhausted to about half that associated with gasoline exhaust; increases the cost efficiency of the process by eliminating secondary chemical reactions; and increases the life of the electrodes. The chemical structure of the combustible gas is composed of stable magnetically bonded clusters of conventional molecules and atoms that are fully detectable via peaks in conventional mass spectrometric detectors, yet such clusters remain unidentifiable by the computer search among all known molecules, and have no infrared signature other than those of the conventional molecules constituting the clusters. The liquid which is flown through the arc also acquires the chemical structure of magnetically bonded clusters.
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West; Phillip B. - Regenerative combustion device Patent #6705425 - 2004
Abstract: A regenerative combustion device having a combustion zone, and chemicals contained within the combustion zone, such as water, having a first equilibrium state, and a second combustible state. Means for transforming the chemicals from the first equilibrium state to the second combustible state, such as electrodes, are disposed within the chemicals. An igniter, such as a spark plug or similar device, is disposed within the combustion zone for igniting combustion of the chemicals in the second combustible state. The combustion products are contained within the combustion zone, and the chemicals are selected such that the combustion products naturally chemically revert into the chemicals in the first equilibrium state following combustion. The combustion device may thus be repeatedly reused, requiring only a brief wait after each ignition to allow the regeneration of combustible gasses within the head space.
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Wojak; Gregory J. - Process for preparing a diamond substance Patent #7067097 - 2005
Abstract: A process for producing a diamond substance with a first inner nozzle and a second outer nozzle. In the first step of the process, a first mixture comprised of oxygen and a hydrocarbon gas is formed in the first inner nozzle; such hydrocarbon gas contains from about 1.01 to about 1.1 moles of carbon for each mole of oxygen present in such first mixture, and said first mixture contains at least about 10 volume percent of hydrocarbon gas. In the second step of the process, the first mixture is ignited to produce a flame core. In the third step of the process, a second mixture comprised of hydrogen and oxygen is formed in the outer nozzle; the second mixture is comprised of at least 2 moles of said hydrogen for each mole of said oxygen present in the second mixture; hydrogen gas and oxygen gas comprise at least about 20 molar volume percent of the second mixture; and the second mixture contains up to about 5 volume percent of hydrocarbon gas. In the fourth step of the process, the second mixture is ignited to produce a flame sheath. The flame sheath is disposed around the flame core so that the flame sheath completely surrounds said flame core and completely shields said flame core from the ambient atmosphere, thereby-producing a composite flame; and the composite claim is contacted with a substrate.
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Streckert; Holger H. Assignee: General Atomics - Water electrolyzer and system Patent # 6939449 - 2005
Abstract: An electrolyzer for generating hydrogen by the electrolytic dissociation of water employs anode and cathode half-cells, separated by a planar polymer-based solid electrolyte, and includes a water reservoir for independently maintaining a desired level of water in the anode and cathode half-cells. A hydrogen exit chimney extends vertically upward from each cathode half-cell and enters a separation chamber; a gas exit passageway is closed by a separation membrane that allows the passage of H.sub.2 but rejects liquid H.sub.2 O,; while a return water passageway enters near the bottom of the cathode half-cell. The half-cells are preferably formed by molded plastic frames that are arranged as a cell stack containing a plurality of electrolytic cells, with flat metal anodes and cathodes being respectively sandwiched about the solid electrolyte membrane in each cell. A pair of flat crushable metal plates are located at each end of the cell stack; adjacent a pair of pressure plates that exe rt axial squeezing pressure to seal the cells. Specially designed, dual metal-hydride cartridges are used to provide larger quantities of H.sub.2 from a single cartridge; a high temperature metal hydride is provided in a rear region of the cartridge that is heated by an electrical resistance heater to a temperature of about 200.degree. C. or above while room temperature metal hydride powder fills a front section of the cartridge.
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Toyoshima; Manabu w/ others - Water-electrolysis-device-use electrode plate, unit, solid electrolytic membrane unit and electrolytic cell Patent #6852205 - 2005
Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an electrode plate for a water electrolysis device, which is formed from a metal plate having such a thickness as to be capable of being press-formed, and which comprises a flat plate portion, and a peripheral edge portion positioned on the outer side of the flat plate portion and bent so that recesses and protrusions are alternately arrayed along an outer peripheral edge thereof.
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Austin; Gary - Methods for affecting the ultra-fast photodissociation of water molecules Patent #7125480 - 2006
Abstract: A method for the ultra-fast photodissociation of water molecules into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases is presented. Water vapor is initially produced and supplied to a photolysis bottle. Within the photolysis bottle, the water vapor is illuminated by a light signal to dissociate H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases from the water vapor. The dissociated H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases are radiated with an RF signal to inhibit recombination of the dissociated H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases, and the dissociated H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases are subsequently recovered.
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Herrington; Rodney E. w/ others - Gas drive electrolytic cell Patent #7005075 - 2006
Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrolytic cell that is completely sealed during the electrolysis operation during production of oxidant. Gasses generated within the electrolysis operation, primarily hydrogen that is liberated at the cathode surface, increase the pressure within the cell, and the gas pressure is ultimately utilized to expel the oxidant from the cell chamber.
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O'Brien; Robert N - Gas-collecting electrets as magneto-electrolysis cell components Patent #7045042 - 2006
Abstract: A tank-type water electrolysis apparatus with unipolar electrodes arrangement and wherein imposed magnetic fields enhance electrolyte solution circulation, further enhanced in apparatus operation by use of immersed electrets providing partitioning structure between seperated hydrogen bubbles-producing and oxygen bubbles-producing regions in the solution. The included immersed electrets, which may be of polytetrafluoroethylene or other suitable material, perform the functions of attracting bubbles away from points of origination at the electrodes, and of promoting coelescence of smaller bubbles into larger ones of greater buoyancy.
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Roters; Georg w/ others - Method and apparatus for the production of process gas that includes water vapor and hydrogen formed by burning oxygen in a hydrogen-rich environment Patent #7144826 - 2006
Abstract: The aim of the invention is the simple and economical production of a hydrogen-rich process gas from water vapour and hydrogen, whereby the proportion of water vapour to hydrogen may be precisely controllable and reproducible. Said aim is achieved, with a method and device for the production of a process gas for the treatment of substrates, in particular semiconductor substrates, in which the oxygen for formation of a process gas, comprising water vapour and hydrogen, is burnt in a hydrogen-rich environment in a combustion chamber.
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Wootan; Norman w/ others - Process and device for producing hydrogen Patent #7097676 - 2006
Abstract: A process and a device are provided for producing hydrogen gas from water and carbon. The process includes introducing steam and powdered carbon in stoichiometric ratio of carbon to water into a preheated oxidization chamber in such a way that a gas plasma is produced in which the steam is decomposed into its hydrogen and oxygen gas components and oxygen is combined with carbon to form carbon dioxide gas in an exothermic reaction at temperatures above 2000.degree. C., and separating the carbon dioxide gas from the hydrogen gas. The device for conducting this process has an oxidization chamber defined in a hollow body and being provided with a preheater and having at least one inlet port for introducing steam into the oxidization chamber, at least one inlet port for introducing powdered carbon into the oxidization chamber, and at least one exit port for carrying off generated hydrogen gas and/or generated carbon dioxide gas from the oxidization chamber.
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Becker; Hans w/ other - Therapeutic electrolysis device Patent #7160434 - 2007
Abstract: An electrolysis device is provided. The electrolysis device includes an ionizer unit having first and second plate assemblies that each provide a different surface area that is contacted by water when the unit is in use. The plate assemblies may each provide a different surface area by providing a different number of plates. The plate assemblies are formed from integral pieces of material, to enhance the reliability of the device. The present invention further provides a control unit programmed to provide an output to the ionizer unit that varies in polarity over time.
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Krause; Curtis L. w/ others Assignee: Texaco Inc. - Single chamber compact fuel processor Patent # 7160340 - 2007
Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out a multi-step process of converting hydrocarbon fuel to a substantially pure hydrogen gas feed includes a plurality of reaction zones arranged in a common reaction chamber. The multi-step process includes: providing a fuel to the fuel processor so that as the fuel reacts and forms the hydrogen rich gas, the intermediate gas products pass through each reaction zone as arranged in the reactor to produce the hydrogen rich gas.
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Van Vliet; Dave - Treatment of a waste stream through production and utilization of oxyhydrogen gas Patent #7160472 - 2007
Abstract: Methods and systems for treating a waste stream in a waste treatment system involve performing a unit process of the waste treatment system by contacting the waste stream with oxyhydrogen-rich gas generated on-site by an oxyhydrogen gas generator that implements water dissociation technology. In a preferred embodiment, the oxyhydrogen gas generator involves applying a pulsed electrical signal to a series of closely spaced electrodes that are submerged in the waste stream to produce oxyhydrogen-rich gas from a water component of the waste stream. Operation of the oxyhydrogen gas generator in the waste stream may accomplish one or more unit processes for waste treatment, such as conditioning, stabilization, thickening, and dewatering, among others. At least a portion of the oxyhydrogen-rich gas can be conveyed for a second use in the waste treatment system, such as a source of combustible fuel for incineration or power generation, for example.
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Rhodes; William A. – Multicell Oxyhydrogen Generator Patent #3310483 – 1967
Abstract: This invention relates to a multicell oxyhydrogen generator and more particularily to a multicell oxyhydrogen generator employing a purality of spaced plates operating electrically in series with each other and an electrolyte thereinbetween.
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Horvath; Stephen - Electrolysis apparatus Patent #3954592 - 1976
Abstract: A novel electrolytic cell performs an electrolysis process at improved efficiencies by supplying a pulsed DC current to the electrodes thereof. In preferred embodiment a generally cylindrical anode, with a fluted outer surface, is surrounded by a segmented cathode having an active area equal to the active area of the anode. An electrolyte, which may be a 25 percent solution of potassium hydroxide is introduced into the cell for production of hydrogen and oxygen at the cathode and anode respectively. The current for carrying on the electrolysis process is provided by a transformer, which is preferably located within an oil filled chamber inside the anode. Heat from this transformer and a magnetic field also created thereby both have a beneficial effect upon the reaction rates. The pulsing of the electrode current may in one embodiment be carried out at a rate of between 5,000 and 40,000 pulses per minute, with a rate of about 10,000 pulses per minute being preferred. In such an arra ngement the current level may be about 220 amps at a duty cycle of about 0.006 and the electrode voltage may be about 3 volts. Thus there are produced very short, sharp pulses, which have been found to be very effective in the production of reaction products. Appropriate circuitry is disclosed for providing a driving signal to the transformer, as well as an arrangement for safely taking off the reaction products and stopping the process upon sensing of a predetermined internal pressure.
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Spirig; Ernst - Water decomposing apparatus Patent #4113601 - 1978
Abstract: A water decomposition apparatus for producing detonating gas or oxyhydrogen gas comprises a plurality of electrolytic cells formed between a nested plurality of endless laminar electrodes each sealingly abutting at its upper and lower edges against elastomeric insulating layers on the surfaces of rigid plates. Electrolyte circulation through the assembly is permitted by an inlet aperture in one extreme cell, an outlet aperture in the other extreme cell and an aperture in each intermediate electrode adjacent its upper edge. The inlet and outlet apertures are coupled for electrolyte circulation by immersing the assembly in electrolyte or by an extended duct system connecting the apertures. Current is supplied to the extreme inner and outer electrodes from a d.-c. source. Control means may be provided to reduce the magnitude of the current as the gas pressure rises. A plurality of assemblies may be connected electrically in series across the d.-c. supply. When an electrode assembly is to be immersed in electrolyte its outermost electrode is surrounded by an electrically inoperative shielding member sealingly engaging the insulating members.
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Hasebe; Shigeta w/ others - Apparatus for simultaneous generation of oxygen and hydrogen gases Patent # 4747925 - 1988
Abstract: While a large number of positive and negative electrodes are alternately arranged in an alignment on a same level in an electrolytic tank, a pair of magnets having the polarities thereof fixed in the same direction and which are disposed along the direction horizontally orthogonal to the arrangement of the electrodes of the same level, so that an electric field and a magnetic field will be generated on the horizontal directions orthogonal to each other and a force according to the Fleming's left-hand rule will be directed to the upward direction perpendicular to both the electric field and the magnetic field. The small bubbles adherent to the surface of the electrodes are enabled to be separated therefrom and allowed to float up owing to the addition of the upward force to their insufficient buoyancy.
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Meyer; Stanley A. - Process and apparatus for the production of fuel gas and the enhanced release of thermal energy from such gas Patent #5149407 - 1992
Abstract: Water molecules are broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gas atoms in a capacitive cell by a polarization and resonance process dependent upon the dielectric properties of water and water molecules. The gas atoms are thereafter ionized or otherwise energized and thermally combusted to release a degree of energy greater than that of combustion of the gas in ambient air.
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Schubert; Franz H. w/ other Assignee: The United States of America - Water electrolysis Patent # 5110436 - 1992
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to an electrolysis cell forming hydrogen and oxygen at spaced terminals. The anode terminal is porous and able to form oxygen within the cell and permit escape of the gaseous oxygen through the anode and out through a flow line in the presence of backpressure. Hydrogen is liberated in the cell at the opposing solid metal cathode, which is permeable to hydrogen but not oxygen so that the migratory hydrogen formed in the cell is able to escape from the cell. The cell is maintained at an elevated pressure so that oxygen liberated by the cell is delivered at elevated pressure without pumping to raise the pressure of the oxygen.
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Wenske; Hanno w/ others - Electrolysis cell for gas-evolving electrolytic processes Patent #5087344 - 1992
Abstract: An electrolysis cell for gas-evolving electrolytic processes using at least one electrode having electrode elements arranged parallel is described; the electrode elements have a thickness of up to three times the mean bubble separation diameter and have a capillary gap with respect to one another such that a motion of the gas bubbles through the electrode is brought about substantially in the direction or in the opposite direction of the electric field between the reaction surfaces of the anode and cathode.
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Munday; John F. - Water fuelled boiler Patent #5279260 -1994
Abstract: A water to fuel electrolysis system for providing hydrogen and oxygen gases to a steam boiler for the production of heat and steam.
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Caesar; Mervyn Leonard - Electrolytic gas producer method and apparatus Patent #5711865 - 1998
Abstract: Electrolytic gas producer apparatus is provided wherein a water inlet has a pressure sensor and solenoid valve control passes water through a filter by pump to a reservoir. Cell chambers maintain electrolyte by supply pump and solenoid valve delivering to the cell via solenoid valves responsive to a level sensor. Gas outlet apertures extend into a polling manifold via solenoid valves and thence to a wash tank. The gas is removed from the tank via a manifold to a vacuum pump, which draws the gas through a first filter including a drain line and a secondary filter for residual moisture removal. After the pump the gas passes under water in a flashback arrester filled with metal mesh. The gas then travels to a moisture removing filter and delivery pumps for delivery via intermediate solenoid valves, an outlet manifold, and final solenoid valves which control delivery to an electronically monitored outlet flashback arrester comprising infrared sensors to detect and signal a flashback co ndition.
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Best; Frederick George - Domestic energy supply system Patent #5924287 - 1999
Abstract: An energy supply system, which utilizes a vaporizing chamber containing a vaporisable liquid. A heat source is supplied to vaporize the liquid, which drives an engine to produce mechanical energy. A condenser is connected to the engine to condense the vapor back to a liquid, which is then fed back to the vaporizing chamber. The mechanical energy is used to supply usable electrical energy and to power an electrolysis plant, which separates water into its constituent parts. The constituent parts are stored for subsequent energy-creating recombination in an electricity-producing fuel cell and/or a heat energy-producing underwater burner. The heat energy produced by the underwater burner is used to heat a water supply surrounding the burner.
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Christian; John Daniel Assignee: Aquagas New Zealand Limited - Electrolytic apparatus Patent #5858185 - 1999
Abstract: The invention is directed to a cell for an electrolytic apparatus, which comprises a pressure vessel containing a self-contained electrode unit. The electrode unit has an inlet for the supply of electrolyte and an outlet for liberated ad-mixed hydrogen and oxygen gas. The electrode unit further having plurality of spaced-apart concentric cylindrical electrodes and a pair of internal end plates provided at each end of the concentric cylinders. At least one of the internal end plates includes the electrolyte inlet and/or gas outlet. The pressure vessel comprises a cylindrical outer shell having planar transverse end plates, which are connected at or adjacent to the opposed ends of the cylindrical outer shell. The pressure vessel being capable of withstanding explosions of stored liberated gas.
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Hirai; Kiyoshi w/ others - Apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen Patent #5888361 - 1999
Abstract: A simply configured cooling mechanism for an apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen is disclosed. The configuration makes it possible to freely select the type of heat exchanger, without any restrictions, in order to improve cooling efficiency. In particular, a heat exchanger for cooling deionized water in a deionized water tank, which contains an electrolytic cell, is installed outside the tank. An inlet to the heat exchanger is connected to a deionized water flow outlet from the tank that is below the level of the deionized water the tank by a pipe, and an outlet from the heat exchanger to tank is connected to a deionized water flow inlet that is positioned in the tank below the deionized water flow outlet.
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Chambers; Stephen Barrie - Method for producing orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen Patent #6419815 - 2002
Abstract: An apparatus for producing orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. The apparatus includes a container holding water and at least one pair of closely-spaced electrodes arranged within the container and submerged in the water. A first power supply provides a particular first pulsed signal to the electrodes. A coil may also be arranged within the container and submerged in the water if the production of parahydrogen is also required. A second power supply provides a second pulsed signal to the coil through a switch to apply energy to the water. When the second power supply is disconnected from the coil by the switch and only the electrodes receive a pulsed signal, then orthohydrogen can be produced. When the second power supply is connected to the coil and both the electrodes and coil receive pulsed signals, then the first and second pulsed signals can be controlled to produce parahydrogen. The container is self-pressurized and the water within the container requires no chemical catalyst t o efficiently produce the orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. Heat is not generated, and bubbles do not form on the electrodes.
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Kim; Sang Nam - Brown Gas heating furnace made of mineral stone Patent #6397834 – 2002
Abstract: The Brown gas heating furnace made of mineral stone maintains a desired temperature with a small amount of fuel. The brown gas heating furnace includes a hollow base, having burner mounting holes formed in a top wall of the base, and a door mounted at a front side of the base. The burners are centrally mounted in the burner mounting holes of the base, with branch ducts connecting each of the burners to a Brown gas supply duct. A heating section consisting of firebricks stacked together in a staggered fashion on the top wall of the base encloses the burner mounting holes, with a furnace section seated on the base and having a combustion chamber surrounding the heating section. The furnace section also has venting holes adapted to vent the combustion chamber to the atmosphere. The furnace section may include stacked blocks made of mineral stone, biotite, germanium, or jade, or may use hollow mineral stones.
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Kim; Sang Nam - Heating apparatus using thermal reaction of Brown Gas Patent #6761558 – 2002
Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating apparatus using thermal reaction of brown gas. After brown gas generated from a brown gas generator passes hexane liquid in a flame arrester, it is burnt in a brown gas burner located at a lower portion of a heating element. Heating members are installed in multi-stage inside a heating element body of a hollow form. The heating element body located at each stage includes vent holes and exhaust openings. A cover is disposed on the top of the heating element. The heating member located at the lower portion is heated by flame of the brown gas, and then also the heating member located at an upper portion is heated by flame of high temperature caused by the thermal reaction of the brown gas, which gradually heats the lower heating member. After all, the whole heating members are heated to emit a vast heat. The heating device according to the present invention is very useful as a heat source for all brown gas boilers, heaters, heating furnaces and warm air circulators and can contribute to environmental preservation by making a purified energy, which does not induce environmental pollution.
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Leonida; Andrei Asignee: Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation - Water electrolysis system Patent #6375812 - 2002
Abstract: A water electrolysis system includes a water electrolysis cell stack having an anode and a cathode. A water storage tank having an outlet is disposed above the cell stack and communicates with an inlet of one of the anode and the cathode of the cell stack for gravity feeding water from the water storage tank to the cell stack. A phase separator is disposed below and in communication with the water storage tank. The phase separator has an inlet for receiving a two phase stream including water and product gas exiting an outlet of the one of the anode and cathode of the cell stack, and includes a conduit having a lower end disposed within the phase separator for receiving water recovered in the phase separator. The conduit has an upper end extending into the water storage tank. Further, the conduit defines a plurality of openings along a portion of the conduit disposed in the phase separator such that the product gas received in the inlet of the phase separator enters the inside of th e conduit through the openings and entrains and lifts water upwardly therewith through the conduit and into the water storage tank whereby water is recirculated through the cell stack.
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Baker; Richard W. w/ others - Hydrogen gas separation using organic-vapor-resistant membranes Patent #6544316 - 2003
Abstract: A process for separating hydrogen from a multicomponent gas mixture containing hydrogen and a hydrocarbon, using gas-separation membranes selective for hydrogen over the hydrocarbon. The membranes use a selective layer made from a polymer having repeating units of a fluorinated polymer, and demonstrate good resistance to plasticization by the organic components in the gas mixture under treatment, and good recovery after exposure to liquid aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Dammann; Wilbur A. w/ others - Liquid gasification reactor Patent #6554975 - 2003
Abstract: A reactor includes a housing with an input port for liquid feedstock and an exhaust port for gas produced by a liquid gasification process. The housing includes a pressurized reaction chamber with a pair of spaced apart electrodes having inward free ends immersed in the liquid feedstock. One of the electrodes is mounted on an operable shaft, to move inward and outward relative to the other electrode. A drive mechanism for the operable shaft is located outside the reaction chamber to selectively move the shaft. The reaction chamber is pressurized to increase efficiency of the reactor, and the chamber within which the drive mechanism is located is pressurized to substantially the same pressure as the reaction chamber.
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Lokhandwala; Kaaeid A. w/ other - Hydrogen/hydrocarbon separation process, including PSA and membranes Patent #6592749 - 2003
Abstract: An improved process for separating hydrogen from hydrocarbons. The process includes a pressure swing adsorption step, a compression/cooling step and a membrane separation step. The membrane step uses a rubbery polymeric membrane selective for all C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 hydrocarbons over hydrogen. The process can produce three products: a high-purity hydrogen stream, an LPG stream and a light hydrocarbon fuel gas stream.
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Santilli; Ruggero Maria - Apparatus and method for recycling contaminated liquids Patent #6540966 - 2003
Abstract: Reactors for the total recycling of contaminated liquid waste, which produce a clean burning combustible gas, usable heat, and solid precipitates. Different embodiments include the efficient recycling of automotive antifreeze and oil waste, a new method for the production of a fuel from crude oil, for desalting seawater and for recycling biologically contaminated liquid waste, such as town sewage, into a clean burning combustible gas, nutrient rich water useful for irrigation, and solid precipitates useful for fertilizers.
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Santilli; Ruggero Maria - Clean burning liquid fuel produced via a self-sustaining processing of liquid feedstock Patent #6663752 - 2003
Abstract: The invention relates to a novel self-sustaining method for the clean production of a clean burning liquid fuel called MagneFuel, which method is based, first, in the production of a combustible gas via submerged electric arcs between carbon-base electrodes from crude oil, oil-base, or water-base liquid waste and then passing the combustible gas via a high pressure pipe into a tower for the catalytic liquefaction, whereby the sum of the heat output in the production of the combustible gas and that for its catalytic liquefaction is sufficient for the process to be self-sustaining, that is, capable to produce its own electricity. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope of meaning of the claims.
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Schmitman; Craig H. - System and method for the production and use of hydrogen on board a marine vessel Patent #6610193 - 2003
Abstract: This invention is directed to an integrated onboard hydrogen (H.sub.2) production and utilization system for all watercraft, which yields environmentally benign vessel power production without new infrastructure requirements. Water (H.sub.2 O) is supplied to a vessel, whether ashore, docked or underway, and is systematically converted into hydrogen and oxygen. The energy required for this process may be provided by any renewable or non-renewable source. The H.sub.2 produced is either utilized at once or stored. Energy is released from the H.sub.2 by one or more power plants.
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Surma; Jeffrey E. - Methods and apparatus for treating waste Patent #6630113 - 2003
Abstract: Methods and apparatus for treating waste are provided. Waste is converted in an arc plasma-joule heated melter system utilizing one or more arc plasma electrodes and a plurality of joule heating electrodes. The arc plasma electrode(s) can be configured for operation utilizing AC or DC power, or for switching between AC and DC power. The arc plasma electrodes can also be configured for independent arc voltage and arc current control. The joule heating circuits are configured for simultaneous operation with the arcing electrodes, but without detrimental interaction with the arcing electrodes. The systems provide stable, non-leachable products and a gaseous fuel. The gaseous fuel can be utilized in a combustion or non-combustion process to generate electricity.
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Chambers; Stephen Barrie - Hydrogen producing apparatus Patent #6790324 - 2004
Abstract: An apparatus for producing orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. The apparatus includes a container holding water and at least one pair of closely-spaced electrodes arranged within the container and submerged in the water. A first power supply provides a particular first pulsed signal to the electrodes. A coil may also be arranged within the container and submerged in the water if the production of parahydrogen is also required. A second power supply provides a second pulsed signal to the coil through a switch to apply energy to the water. When the second power supply is disconnected from the coil by the switch and only the electrodes receive a pulsed signal, then orthohydrogen can be produced. When the second power supply is connected to the coil and both the electrodes and coil receive pulsed signals, then the first and second pulsed signals can be controlled to produce parahydrogen. The container is self-pressurized and the water within the container requires no chemical catalyst t o efficiently produce the orthohydrogen and/or parahydrogen. Heat is not generated, and bubbles do not form on the electrodes.
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West; Phillip B. - Regenerative combustion device Patent #6705425 - 2004
Abstract: A regenerative combustion device having a combustion zone, and chemicals contained within the combustion zone, such as water, having a first equilibrium state, and a second combustible state. Means for transforming the chemicals from the first equilibrium state to the second combustible state, such as electrodes, are disposed within the chemicals. An igniter, such as a spark plug or similar device, is disposed within the combustion zone for igniting combustion of the chemicals in the second combustible state. The combustion products are contained within the combustion zone, and the chemicals are selected such that the combustion products naturally chemically revert into the chemicals in the first equilibrium state following combustion. The combustion device may thus be repeatedly reused, requiring only a brief wait after each ignition to allow the regeneration of combustible gasses within the head space.
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Maiwald; Marco w/ others - Hydrogen production from hydro power Patent #6864596 - 2005
Abstract: A turbine installation configured for large scale hydrogen production includes a foundation structure separating an upper elevation headwater from a lower elevation tailwater. The foundation structure defines a water passageway extending therethrough between an inlet adjacent the headwater and an outlet adjacent the tailwater. A runner is supported for rotation by the foundation and disposed in the water passageway intermediate the inlet and the outlet so that water flowing through the passageway as a result of head differential causes rotation of the runner. A generator is supported by the foundation and connected to the runner by a rotary shaft for generating electrical power as the runner rotates. An electrolyzer is electrically coupled to the generator for receiving the electrical power and producing hydrogen. A control system is capable of sensing the remaining hydrogen storage capacity and performing an economic comparison analysis to determine whether operating the turbine t o produce additional hydrogen or to supply a utility grid with power provides the highest economic return.
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Morse; Arthur - Sea-based hydrogen-oxygen generation system Patent #6918350 - 2005
Abstract: A method for generation of hydrogen and oxygen contained in a salt solution provides for the disposing a number of wind turbines on navigable collection vessels in waters distant from shore. The wind turbines have a large number of blades, typically 30, to provide high torque for generating electricity used for extracting said gasses from the atmosphere by means of electrolysis. The collection vessels are disposed in predetermined zones, which are changed when weather conditions provide better collection conditions elsewhere. The gasses are stored in cylinders located both on the collection vessels, and on storage vessels attached to the collection vessels. After collection the cylinders are transported to shore facilities for further purification and/or distribution.
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Puthawala; Anwer w/ other Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft - System for supplying a generator with hydrogen Patent #6841046 - 2005
Abstract: A system is for supplying a generator with hydrogen, in particular a generator of a power generating plant. The system offers a high level of safety while at the same time making handling easy. The system includes a closed system cycle for carrying water and/or gas and a hydrogen feed line, branching off from the system cycle, for the generator. The system cycle includes an electrolysis unit designed as a membrane electrolyzer.
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Streckert; Holger H. Assignee: General Atomics - Water electrolyzer and system Patent # 6939449 - 2005
Abstract: An electrolyzer for generating hydrogen by the electrolytic dissociation of water employs anode and cathode half-cells, separated by a planar polymer-based solid electrolyte, and includes a water reservoir for independently maintaining a desired level of water in the anode and cathode half-cells. A hydrogen exit chimney extends vertically upward from each cathode half-cell and enters a separation chamber; a gas exit passageway is closed by a separation membrane that allows the passage of H.sub.2 but rejects liquid H.sub.2 O,; while a return water passageway enters near the bottom of the cathode half-cell. The half-cells are preferably formed by molded plastic frames that are arranged as a cell stack containing a plurality of electrolytic cells, with flat metal anodes and cathodes being respectively sandwiched about the solid electrolyte membrane in each cell. A pair of flat crushable metal plates are located at each end of the cell stack; adjacent a pair of pressure plates that exe rt axial squeezing pressure to seal the cells. Specially designed, dual metal-hydride cartridges are used to provide larger quantities of H.sub.2 from a single cartridge; a high temperature metal hydride is provided in a rear region of the cartridge that is heated by an electrical resistance heater to a temperature of about 200.degree. C. or above while room temperature metal hydride powder fills a front section of the cartridge.
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Toyoshima; Manabu w/ others - Water-electrolysis-device-use electrode plate, unit, solid electrolytic membrane unit and electrolytic cell Patent #6852205 - 2005
Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an electrode plate for a water electrolysis device, which is formed from a metal plate having such a thickness as to be capable of being press-formed, and which comprises a flat plate portion, and a peripheral edge portion positioned on the outer side of the flat plate portion and bent so that recesses and protrusions are alternately arrayed along an outer peripheral edge thereof.
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Austin; Gary - Methods for affecting the ultra-fast photodissociation of water molecules Patent #7125480 - 2006
Abstract: A method for the ultra-fast photodissociation of water molecules into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases is presented. Water vapor is initially produced and supplied to a photolysis bottle. Within the photolysis bottle, the water vapor is illuminated by a light signal to dissociate H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases from the water vapor. The dissociated H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases are radiated with an RF signal to inhibit recombination of the dissociated H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases, and the dissociated H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gases are subsequently recovered.
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Kim; Sang Nam - Brown gas mass production apparatus including a line style electrolytic cell Patent # 7014740 - 2006
Abstract: Disclosed is a Brown gas mass production apparatus having a line style electrolytic cell in which an electrolytic cell case having an electrolyte distribution and discharging pipe mounted on the inside bottom surface thereof is coated with insulation material on the inner surface thereof, electrode units are disposed by two or three groups in a side-by-side arrangement in the electrolytic cell case, an electrolytic cell upper plate having gas outlet nipples mounted thereon is sealingly coupled to the top surface of the cell case to form a secured sealing between edges of the upper plate and the cell case. The line style electrolytic cell further includes an auxiliary electrolyte tank connected to the electrolytic cell case for maintaining the surface of the electrolyte at a predetermined level just above the top surface of the electrode units in the electrolytic cell according to the operation of a solenoid valve, so that water is automatically fed into the electrolytic cell accord ing to the opening and closing operation of a solenoid valve operated by a level sensor installed in the auxiliary electrolyte tank, and a relatively large horizontal space is formed just above the top surface of the electrode units, so that gas and water are separated directly at the horizontal space.
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Mitlitsky; Fred w/ others - Hydrogen fueling system Patent #7128103 - 2006
Abstract: Disclosed herein are an electrochemical system, a hydrogen gas fueling system, a cascade system, and methods for using the same. The hydrogen gas fueling system comprises a multiple-stage compressor disposed in fluid communication with a hydrogen gas source, the compressor configured to cool hydrogen gas received at a stage of the compressor, a cascade section comprising at least two hydrogen gas storage zones disposed in fluid communication with the compressor at the outlet of the compressor, and a hydrogen gas dispensing section disposed in fluid communication with the cascade section.
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O'Brien; Robert N - Gas-collecting electrets as magneto-electrolysis cell components Patent #7045042 - 2006
Abstract: A tank-type water electrolysis apparatus with unipolar electrodes arrangement and wherein imposed magnetic fields enhance electrolyte solution circulation, further enhanced in apparatus operation by use of immersed electrets providing partitioning structure between seperated hydrogen bubbles-producing and oxygen bubbles-producing regions in the solution. The included immersed electrets, which may be of polytetrafluoroethylene or other suitable material, perform the functions of attracting bubbles away from points of origination at the electrodes, and of promoting coelescence of smaller bubbles into larger ones of greater buoyancy.
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Becker; Hans w/ other - Therapeutic electrolysis device Patent #7160434 - 2007
Abstract: An electrolysis device is provided. The electrolysis device includes an ionizer unit having first and second plate assemblies that each provide a different surface area that is contacted by water when the unit is in use. The plate assemblies may each provide a different surface area by providing a different number of plates. The plate assemblies are formed from integral pieces of material, to enhance the reliability of the device. The present invention further provides a control unit programmed to provide an output to the ionizer unit that varies in polarity over time.
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Krause; Curtis L. w/ others Assignee: Texaco Inc. - Single chamber compact fuel processor Patent # 7160340 - 2007
Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out a multi-step process of converting hydrocarbon fuel to a substantially pure hydrogen gas feed includes a plurality of reaction zones arranged in a common reaction chamber. The multi-step process includes: providing a fuel to the fuel processor so that as the fuel reacts and forms the hydrogen rich gas, the intermediate gas products pass through each reaction zone as arranged in the reactor to produce the hydrogen rich gas.
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Van Vliet; Dave - Treatment of a waste stream through production and utilization of oxyhydrogen gas Patent #7160472 - 2007
Abstract: Methods and systems for treating a waste stream in a waste treatment system involve performing a unit process of the waste treatment system by contacting the waste stream with oxyhydrogen-rich gas generated on-site by an oxyhydrogen gas generator that implements water dissociation technology. In a preferred embodiment, the oxyhydrogen gas generator involves applying a pulsed electrical signal to a series of closely spaced electrodes that are submerged in the waste stream to produce oxyhydrogen-rich gas from a water component of the waste stream. Operation of the oxyhydrogen gas generator in the waste stream may accomplish one or more unit processes for waste treatment, such as conditioning, stabilization, thickening, and dewatering, among others. At least a portion of the oxyhydrogen-rich gas can be conveyed for a second use in the waste treatment system, such as a source of combustible fuel for incineration or power generation, for example.
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